International collaboration Daya Bay, which includes scientists from the U.S., China, Russia, Czech Republic, Hong Kong and Taiwan, has commissioned two detectors antineutrinos, established in southern China in a few tens of kilometers from Hong Kong. The main objective of the experiment will also study the Daya Bay neutrino oscillations, neutrino transformations of different generations – electrons, muons, or taonnyh – each other. This phenomenon can be described as a periodic change in the probability of detecting a certain type of neutrinos as the particles. The period of transformation, we note, is inversely proportional to the difference of the squares of the masses of particles, and hence at least one of them must be non-zero mass, in the original version of the Standard Model, such properties of neutrinos are not included. To describe the oscillations of the matrix used by Pontecorvo – Maki – Nakagawa – Sakata and so-called mixing angles θ12, θ23 and θ13. The first two angles have been measured, and the value of the third, the smallest, is bounded above. Currently, several research groups are trying to estimate the θ13, and now joins them Daya Bay. Physics involved in the project, expect to use eight identical detectors to be installed in three underground halls, providing a good natural protection from cosmic rays. Each detector will fill the 20 tons of liquid scintillator doped with gadolinium, and arrays of photomultiplier tubes will record the traces of interaction of matter with a scintillator antineutrino. As sources of electron antineutrinos in the experiment play a nuclear reactor nuclear power plants Daya Bay and Ling Ao. The first underground room in which there are two attacks to the detector, located approximately 300 m from Daya Bay, the second – half a kilometer away from the Ling Ao, and the third one – at a distance of ~ 2 km from both stations. Two pairs of nearby detectors will measure the antineutrino beam parameters issued by the reactors, and four long-distance – to monitor the disappearance of electron antineutrinos from the beams caused by the oscillations. Devices in the second hall is scheduled to begin collecting data this fall, and the entire system of eight detectors come into operation in June 2012. Prepared according to the National Laboratory. Lawrence Berkeley.
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