The Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction was concluded in The Hague, 25 October 1980. It is aimed at ensuring the prompt return of children wrongfully removed to any of the Contracting States, or unlawfully detained in any of these states, as well as ensuring that the rights of custody and access under the laws of one contracting state, effectively respected in other contracting states. The Convention has 82 States, among which only a few have bilateral agreements with Russia on mutual legal assistance in civil matters. According to a government bill introduced in the State Duma in late March, proposed to accede to the convention but with the proviso exempting the Russian Federation from the obligation to bear the costs for the fees of attorneys or advisers, as well as court costs, except those that may be reimbursed for its legal aid system and consultation. With all other provisions of the Convention, Russia agrees. In accordance with the international instrument, the child is under the protection of the Convention and 16 years. It contains provisions that establish the procedure for return of wrongfully removed the child. In particular, the six-month deadline for deciding the appropriate administrative or judicial body of the return of the child. The document also recorded the need to take into account the wishes of a child, provided that it has reached the appropriate age and maturity. There is a convention in a number of restrictions on the return of children, for example, if the trial began after more than one year after the kidnapping, if the court determines that the child has adapted to new conditions. Arguments for recently revealed numerous instances of illegal removal of children from Russia or their failure to return to the country, as well as the many failures of one parent living outside Russia, to access the other parent, a citizen of the Russian Federation, to communicate with the child, and participation in his upbringing. "Accession to the Convention will be an effective preventive measure that will reduce instances of child abduction and to guarantee the protection of their rights and legitimate interests", – said the head of the profile of the Duma committee on family, women and children Elena Mizulina. A famous example of alternating "abduction" of children after divorce – it Salonen. The conflict between the Finn Paavo Salonen and his ex-wife Rima Salonen arose after the divorce, after which the Russian has taken away his son Anton in Nizhny Novgorod region in 2008. In Finland, it accused of abduction enii child. In 2009, his father with the assistance of staff of the Finnish consulate in St. Petersburg, a boy had brought from Russia to Finland. Now seven Anton lives with her 66-year old father, who is now the sole guardian of the child. Rima Salonen through a Finnish court tries to regain the right to custody, sitting on her claim to be held in April 2011. Another sensational story involves a little Liza, Andrew, who's parents – Frenchman Jean-Michel Andre and Russia's Irina Belenkaya – three times already stole from each other, and the last time a girl kidnapped by unknown in France, beating her father. First deputy head of the faction "United Russia" Tatyana Yakovleva believes adherence to this international instrument as "an important element in the protection of the rights and freedoms little Russians." According to her, in the Russian legislation provides a mechanism responsible for the abduction of a child by a parent, but "in cases of international abduction of children, a child secretly transported abroad, the situation is complicated by many times." "The decisions of Russian courts there often are indifferent. Begin diplomatic showdown, be submitted in parallel by the courts of different countries mutually exclusive solutions. Therefore, the accession to the Hague Convention will further guarantee the security of small Russians "- convinced Yakovlev. The Communists are "against" However, MPs from the faction of the Communist Party has repeatedly spoken out against Russia's accession to the convention and declared that they will not support a document when considering its Duma. In late April, the Communists even held a roundtable on this topic. Speaking at the event, an MP from the Communist Party faction, Valery Rashkin noted that, according to the Communists, a number of provisions of the convention does not correspond to the national Russian law and could lead to infringement of interests of the children, their parents and other legal representatives. Thus, in accordance with Article 13 of the Convention when considering whether to return the child must take into account information about its "social situation" in a state of permanent residence. "Given that the material living conditions of their stay in Russia is lower in many developed countries, this provision puts the pre-Russian parents in a losing position in the controversy over the return of their children who, for whatever reasons, were abroad" – said the deputy. He also recalled that, under Article 20 of the Convention, the return of the child may be refused if it contradicts the basic principles of the requested State relating to the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. However, said the parliamentarian, April 9To 2011 U.S. State Department released an annual report on the situation of human rights in the world. The document U.S. side noted numerous violations of human rights in Russia. "Russia's accession to the convention would make it possible not to return the children to Russia for political reasons", – said Rashkin. He noted that if a child, for whatever reason, was selected by his parents and got custody of state authorities or other persons in case of transmission abroad, he could legally do not return home. In this case, according to the convention, parents who for whatever reasons were separated from their children, even while maintaining their parental rights are losing the opportunity to fight for the return of children. Rashkin stressed that the recent increase in cases in which the guardianship of children taken away from parents on the so-called "social grounds." "Filter for children from poor families, and despite the fact that unemployment is rising, people can not find jobs, and wages in manufacturing decreased" – he pointed out. Given the tense social situation, especially in matters of family and childhood, the Communists believed late inclusion in the Russian legislation provisions that could jeopardize Russian parents and their children. Rashkin recalled that last year 12,000 children lost their parents. "Why on 9,000 employees sotsopeki must depend on 27 million Russian children?" – Outraged the parliamentarian. Another Communist deputy, Nina Ostanina suggested that the State take all measures to support Russian families, and not to accede to the convention, which may violate the rights of young Russians to stay in his own family. "We are categorically against the ratification of the Hague Convention", – she said.
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